How to Care for Nappy Rash in Babies

Nappy rash is one of the most common skin concerns parents face in the first year and while it can look uncomfortable, the good news is that most cases are mild and manageable at home with the right care.

If you’ve noticed redness, irritation, or soreness around your baby’s nappy area, you’re not alone. In fact, nappy rash affects most babies at some point, particularly during the newborn months when skin is still adjusting to constant moisture and friction.

This guide explains what causes nappy rash, how to treat it gently and effectively, what ingredients to look for (and avoid), and when it’s time to seek medical advice. For a broader overview of common newborn skin conditions, you can also read our guide to Common Newborn Skin Problems article.

What Is Nappy Rash?

Nappy rash is inflammation of the skin in the diaper area, typically affecting the bottom, groin, thighs, or around skin folds. It occurs when delicate skin is exposed to moisture, friction, and irritants for extended periods.

Common signs include:

- Red or inflamed skin

- Warmth or tenderness to touch

- Dry, flaky, or shiny patches

- Fussiness during nappy changes

In most cases, nappy rash is not serious, but early care helps prevent it from worsening.

What Causes Nappy Rash?

Nappy rash usually develops due to a combination of factors:

1. Prolonged Moisture

Wet or soiled nappies soften the skin, making it more vulnerable to irritation and breakdown.

2. Friction

Repeated rubbing from nappies, especially when skin is already damp, can aggravate sensitive areas.

3. Contact With Urine and Stool

Enzymes in stool and ammonia from urine can irritate skin, particularly during frequent bowel movements or diarrhoea.

4. Changes in Diet

Introducing solids or switching formula can alter stool composition, increasing irritation risk.

5. Sensitive Skin

Some babies naturally have more reactive skin, making them prone to rashes even with careful hygiene.

How to Care for Nappy Rash at Home?

1. Change Nappies Frequently

Keeping the skin clean and dry is the single most important step. Change nappies promptly after wetting or soiling to reduce moisture exposure.

2. Clean Gently

Use warm water or fragrance-free wipes. Avoid scrubbing, instead, pat the skin dry gently with a soft cloth.

3. Allow Air Time

Whenever possible, let your baby spend a few minutes without a nappy. Air exposure helps soothe irritated skin and supports healing.

4. Apply a Protective Barrier Cream

A barrier cream creates a protective layer between your baby’s skin and moisture, helping calm inflammation and prevent further irritation.

The Pigeon Natural Botanical Baby Diaper Cream is formulated specifically for delicate baby skin, using plant-based ingredients to soothe redness while forming a breathable protective barrier. It’s dermatologically tested and suitable for everyday use.

What to Look for in a Nappy Rash Cream?

Not all nappy creams are created equal. When choosing a product, look for:

- Gentle, plant-based ingredients that soothe and nourish skin. Avoid harsh ingredients like zinc, parabens and titanium dioxide.

- Barrier protection that shields against moisture without clogging pores

- Fragrance-free formulas to reduce irritation risk

- Dermatologically tested products suitable for sensitive baby skin

Ingredients to Avoid in Nappy Rash Products

Some ingredients commonly found in nappy creams can irritate sensitive skin or trap moisture. It’s best to avoid:

- Artificial fragrances
These are a common cause of skin irritation and can trigger redness or sensitivity in babies with reactive skin.

- Alcohol
Alcohol can dry the skin and disrupt the skin barrier, which may worsen irritation rather than soothe it.

- Harsh preservatives
Some preservatives can be irritating to delicate skin, particularly when used repeatedly on compromised or inflamed areas.

- Thick petroleum-based formulas
While they create a barrier, very occlusive formulas can trap moisture against the skin, slowing healing and increasing the risk of further irritation.

- Certain heavy mineral ingredients
Ingredients such as zinc oxide, parabens, and titanium dioxide are commonly found in traditional nappy creams. For some babies, these heavier formulations can feel overly occlusive or uncomfortable, especially for daily, preventative use.

Read The Truth About Nappy Rash Cream Ingredients to get a full breakdown of ingredients to avoid and why.

Nappy Rash: Pigeon vs Other Creams

When Should You See a Doctor?

Most nappy rash clears within a few days with proper care. However, seek medical advice if:

- Blisters, open sores, or bleeding appear and;

- The rash lasts longer than 3–4 days

- The rash spreads beyond the nappy area

- White patches or bright red spots develop (which may indicate a yeast infection)

- Your baby has a fever or seems unwell

Nappy rash is incredibly common and does not reflect poor care. Babies have delicate skin that reacts quickly to moisture and friction, even with frequent changes and gentle products.

With consistent hygiene, regular air exposure, and a soothing botanical barrier cream like Pigeon’s Natural Botanical Baby Diaper Cream, most rashes improve quickly and comfortably.

For more guidance on baby skin concerns, explore our Baby Hub and read Common Newborn Skin Problems (and What’s Totally Normal).